The concept of CASE in English grammar : Nominative, Accusative, Dative, ablative, Genitive, vocative and apposition case

Crash course in English language
Part 8 

Topic : The concept of CASE  in English grammar

I) What does case mean in English Grammar?
_Case refers to how nouns and pronouns are used in relation to the other words in a sentence. In other words,  Case tells us whether a noun or pronoun is used as SUBJECT or OBJECT or anything else in a sentence .

II) How many cases are in English grammar?
_ There are the following five cases in English grammar :
1) The Subjective case /The Nominative  case : when a noun or pronoun acts as a subject of a verb, it is said to be in the Nominative case ;eg
"Sahil" teaches English language to students.
"They" read the holy Quran.

2) The objective case  : when a noun or pronoun acts as an object of a verb/preposition , it is said to in the objective case. The objective case has three kinds:
A) Accusative case ; eg
Sahil teaches  "English language".  (Accusative  case  because " English language is not a living thing. )

She gifted me  "a book". ( Accusative case because "a book" is not a living thing.)

B) Dative case ; eg
Sahil fed  "a cat".  (Dative case because "a cat" is a living thing.)

They bought  "a parrot" . ( Dative case because "a parrot" is a living thing)

C) Ablative case ; eg
He laughed at  "me". ( Ablative case because "me" is the object of the preposition "at")
We went to  "school" .
They wrote to  "the principal" .

3) The vocative case : when a noun or pronoun is addressed, it is said to be in the  vocative case ; eg

Sahil, where are you?
Hey you, yes you, come here.

4) The case in Apposition : when a noun or noun phrase  is used to describe another noun, the describing noun phrase is said to be in the Apposition case ; eg
Mohammad, the Last Prophet of Islam.
Gandhi, the father of nation.
Akbar, the great.
Muzi, my younger brother.

5) The possessive case / Genitive : when a noun or pronoun shows possession, it is said to be in possessive case ; eg
My pen.
Sahil's  pen

The possessive case is formed either by apostrophe and S  ('s) or by the preposition " of".

"of" is usually used  with non-living things but it has countless exceptions ; eg
Leg of chair
Hands of watch
Son of a bitch
Books of shakespeare

' S  is usually  used with living things but it has also countless exceptions ;eg
Sahil's shirt
Child's toys
England's trade
A week's leave
At a stone's throw

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